801 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
801 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
# 小屏幕WiFi+蓝牙配网功能设计
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## 1. 概述
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本设计针对504×410分辨率的小屏幕设备，实现蓝牙配网功能。用户通过长按屏幕左上角进入配网模式，使用蓝牙与移动端配网APP建立连接，完成WiFi网络配置。
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### 核心特性
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- **小屏幕优化**: 专为504×410分辨率设计的触摸友好界面
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- **蓝牙配网**: 通过蓝牙连接进行网络配置
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- **手势触发**: 长按左上角触发配网模式
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- **状态反馈**: 实时显示配网进度和连接状态
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- **自动重试**: 配网失败时自动重试连接
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## 2. 技术架构
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### 2.1 系统架构图
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``mermaid
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graph TD
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A[用户长按触发] --> B[配网模式检测器]
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B --> C[蓝牙配网管理器]
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C --> D[蓝牙配网服务]
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D --> F[蓝牙广播服务]
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D --> G[配网数据接收器]
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F --> J[移动端配网APP]
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G --> L[网络连接器]
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L --> M[连接状态管理器]
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M --> N[配网结果反馈]
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```
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### 2.2 核心组件
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#### BluetoothConfigManager (蓝牙配网管理器)
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``mermaid
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classDiagram
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class BluetoothConfigManager {
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-BluetoothConfigService bluetoothService
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-ConnectionStatusManager statusManager
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+startConfigMode()
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+stopConfigMode()
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+switchConfigMode()
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+onConfigResult()
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}
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class BluetoothConfigService {
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-BluetoothAdapter adapter
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-ConfigDataReceiver receiver
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+startAdvertising()
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+stopAdvertising()
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+onDataReceived()
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}
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class WiFiHotspotConfigService {
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-WifiManager wifiManager
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-HTTPConfigServer server
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+createHotspot()
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+startConfigServer()
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+onConfigReceived()
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}
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```
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## 3. 功能模块设计
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### 3.1 触发机制
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#### 长按检测器 (LongPressDetector)
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``mermaid
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sequenceDiagram
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participant U as 用户
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participant D as LongPressDetector
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participant M as ConfigNetworkManager
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participant UI as ConfigModeUI
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U->>D: 长按左上角区域
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D->>D: 检测按压时长(3秒)
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D->>M: triggerConfigMode()
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M->>UI: showConfigModeDialog()
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UI->>U: 显示配网选择界面
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```
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#### 触摸区域定义
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- **触发区域**: 左上角50×50dp区域
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- **长按时长**: 3秒钟
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- **视觉反馈**: 渐进式圆形进度指示器
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### 3.2 BLE配网模式
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#### BLE服务端架构
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```mermaid
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flowchart TD
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A[小程序客户端] --> B[连接设备iB86]
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B --> C[BLE GATT服务器]
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C --> D[Service 0xFA00]
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D --> E[Characteristic 0xEA01<br/>状态通知]
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D --> F[Characteristic 0xEA03<br/>扫描指令]
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D --> G[Characteristic 0xEA05<br/>SSID配置]
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D --> H[Characteristic 0xEA06<br/>密码配置]
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F --> I[WiFi扫描器]
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I --> J[扫描结果]
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J --> E
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G --> K[配网管理器]
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H --> K
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K --> L[WiFi连接器]
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L --> M[连接状态]
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M --> E
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```
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#### BLE协议规范
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**设备信息**
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- **设备名称**: iB86
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- **Service UUID**: 0xFA00
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- **角色**: BLE服务端（GATT Server）
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**Characteristic定义**
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| UUID | 权限 | 功能描述 |
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|------|------|----------|
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| 0xEA01 | Notify | 状态通知和扫描结果回传 |
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| 0xEA03 | Write | 接收扫描指令 |
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| 0xEA05 | Write | 接收WiFi SSID |
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| 0xEA06 | Write | 接收WiFi密码 |
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#### AT命令协议
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**状态码定义**
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```
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AT+STATE=0 # 当前无操作
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AT+STATE=1 # 收到扫描指令，开始扫描网络
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AT+STATE=2 # 收到SSID和密码，开始连接网络
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AT+STATE=3 # 已连接WiFi并获取IP
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AT+STATE=6 # 密码错误
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AT+STATE=7 # 没有找到该WiFi
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```
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**指令格式**
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```
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# 扫描指令
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AT+SSID # 或 AT+SCAN
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# 扫描结果回传格式
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AT+SSID=<数量>,<SSID1>,<SSID2>,...,<SSIDn>
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# 示例: AT+SSID=1603,iLock,TP-LINK15DA,HUAWEI-AB8D
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```
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#### 配网流程
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```mermaid
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sequenceDiagram
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participant MP as 小程序
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participant BLE as BLE服务器
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participant WIFI as WiFi扫描器
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participant NET as 网络连接器
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MP->>BLE: 连接设备iB86
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MP->>BLE: 写入0xEA03 "AT+SSID"
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BLE->>BLE: 更新状态AT+STATE=1
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BLE->>WIFI: 开始WiFi扫描
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WIFI->>BLE: 返回扫描结果
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BLE->>MP: 通过0xEA01回传扫描结果
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MP->>BLE: 写入0xEA05 目标SSID
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MP->>BLE: 写入0xEA06 WiFi密码
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BLE->>BLE: 更新状态AT+STATE=2
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BLE->>NET: 尝试连接WiFi
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alt 连接成功
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NET->>BLE: 连接成功并获取IP
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BLE->>BLE: 更新状态AT+STATE=3
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BLE->>MP: 通过0xEA01通知成功
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else 密码错误
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NET->>BLE: 认证失败
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BLE->>BLE: 更新状态AT+STATE=6
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BLE->>MP: 通过0xEA01通知密码错误
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else 网络未找到
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NET->>BLE: 网络不存在
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BLE->>BLE: 更新状态AT+STATE=7
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BLE->>MP: 通过0xEA01通知网络未找到
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end
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```
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## 4. 用户界面设计
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### 4.1 小屏幕适配规范
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#### 布局约束
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``xml
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<!-- 小屏幕配网界面约束 -->
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<constraints>
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<screen_size>504x410dp</screen_size>
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<touch_target_min>48dp</touch_target_min>
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<text_size_min>16sp</text_size_min>
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<margin_horizontal>16dp</margin_horizontal>
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<margin_vertical>12dp</margin_vertical>
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</constraints>
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```
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#### 界面层级结构
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```mermaid
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graph TD
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A[长按触发] --> B[BLE配网页面]
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B --> C[BLE服务器启动]
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B --> D[等待小程序连接]
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B --> E[WiFi扫描状态]
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B --> F[配网进度显示]
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B --> G[连接结果页面]
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G --> H[返回主界面]
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```
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### 4.2 状态指示器设计
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#### 配网状态机
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```mermaid
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stateDiagram-v2
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[*] --> 待机模式
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待机模式 --> 配网触发检测 : 长按左上角
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配网触发检测 --> BLE服务启动 : 触发成功
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BLE服务启动 --> 等待连接 : AT+STATE=0
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等待连接 --> WiFi扫描 : 收到AT+SSID指令
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WiFi扫描 --> 扫描中 : AT+STATE=1
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扫描中 --> 等待配置 : 回传扫描结果
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等待配置 --> 连接WiFi : 收到SSID和密码
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连接WiFi --> 连接中 : AT+STATE=2
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连接中 --> 连接成功 : AT+STATE=3
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连接中 --> 密码错误 : AT+STATE=6
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连接中 --> 网络未找到 : AT+STATE=7
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连接成功 --> [*]
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密码错误 --> 等待配置 : 重新配置
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网络未找到 --> 等待配置 : 重新配置
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```
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## 5. 数据模型
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### 5.1 配网配置模型
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#### WiFiConfigData
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```java
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public class WiFiConfigData {
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private String ssid; // WiFi名称
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private String password; // WiFi密码
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private SecurityType security; // 加密类型
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private boolean isHidden; // 是否隐藏网络
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private String ipConfig; // IP配置类型
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private String proxyConfig; // 代理配置
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}
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```
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#### BluetoothConfigStatus
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```java
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public class BluetoothConfigStatus {
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private ConfigState state; // 配网状态
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private String message; // 状态消息
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private int progress; // 进度百分比
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private long timestamp; // 时间戳
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}
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}
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```
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### 5.2 枚举定义
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```java
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public enum ConfigState {
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IDLE("待机"), // AT+STATE=0
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DETECTING("检测触发"),
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BLE_SERVER_STARTING("BLE服务启动"),
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WAITING_CONNECTION("等待连接"),
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WIFI_SCANNING("WiFi扫描中"), // AT+STATE=1
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WAITING_CONFIG("等待配置"),
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CONNECTING_WIFI("连接WiFi中"), // AT+STATE=2
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SUCCESS("连接成功"), // AT+STATE=3
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PASSWORD_ERROR("密码错误"), // AT+STATE=6
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NETWORK_NOT_FOUND("网络未找到"); // AT+STATE=7
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}
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```
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## 6. 核心服务实现
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### 6.1 配网触发服务
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#### LongPressGestureDetector
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```java
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public class LongPressGestureDetector {
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private static final long LONG_PRESS_DURATION = 3000; // 3秒
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private static final int TRIGGER_AREA_SIZE = 50; // 50dp
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public boolean isInTriggerArea(float x, float y) {
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return x <= dpToPx(TRIGGER_AREA_SIZE) &&
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y <= dpToPx(TRIGGER_AREA_SIZE);
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}
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public void handleTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
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// 处理触摸事件逻辑
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}
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}
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```
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### 6.2 BLE配网服务
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#### BleConfigGattServer
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```java
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public class BleConfigGattServer {
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// UUID定义
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private static final UUID SERVICE_UUID = UUID.fromString("0000fa00-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
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private static final UUID STATUS_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("0000ea01-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
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private static final UUID SCAN_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("0000ea03-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
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private static final UUID SSID_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("0000ea05-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
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private static final UUID PASSWORD_CHAR_UUID = UUID.fromString("0000ea06-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");
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private BluetoothGattServer gattServer;
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private ATCommandProcessor atProcessor;
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public void startGattServer() {
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BluetoothGattService service = new BluetoothGattService(
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SERVICE_UUID, BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY);
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// 0xEA01 - 状态通知Characteristic
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic statusChar = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
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STATUS_CHAR_UUID,
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY,
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ);
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// 0xEA03 - 扫描指令Characteristic
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic scanChar = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
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SCAN_CHAR_UUID,
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE,
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE);
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// 0xEA05 - SSID配置Characteristic
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic ssidChar = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
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SSID_CHAR_UUID,
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE,
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE);
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// 0xEA06 - 密码配置Characteristic
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic passwordChar = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
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PASSWORD_CHAR_UUID,
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE,
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BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE);
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service.addCharacteristic(statusChar);
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service.addCharacteristic(scanChar);
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service.addCharacteristic(ssidChar);
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service.addCharacteristic(passwordChar);
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gattServer.addService(service);
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}
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}
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```
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#### ATCommandProcessor
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```java
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public class ATCommandProcessor {
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private WiFiScanManager wifiScanner;
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private WiFiConnectionManager wifiConnector;
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private BleConfigGattServer gattServer;
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public void processCommand(String command, UUID characteristicUuid) {
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if (SCAN_CHAR_UUID.equals(characteristicUuid)) {
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if ("AT+SSID".equals(command) || "AT+SCAN".equals(command)) {
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handleWiFiScan();
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}
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} else if (SSID_CHAR_UUID.equals(characteristicUuid)) {
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handleSSIDConfig(command);
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} else if (PASSWORD_CHAR_UUID.equals(characteristicUuid)) {
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handlePasswordConfig(command);
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}
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}
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private void handleWiFiScan() {
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notifyState(1); // AT+STATE=1
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wifiScanner.startScan(new WiFiScanCallback() {
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@Override
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public void onScanCompleted(List<String> ssidList) {
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String result = formatScanResult(ssidList);
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gattServer.notifyCharacteristic(STATUS_CHAR_UUID, result.getBytes());
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}
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});
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}
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private String formatScanResult(List<String> ssidList) {
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StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
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sb.append("AT+SSID=").append(ssidList.size());
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for (String ssid : ssidList) {
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sb.append(",").append(ssid);
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}
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return sb.toString();
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}
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private void handleSSIDConfig(String ssid) {
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this.targetSSID = ssid;
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checkAndConnect();
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}
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private void handlePasswordConfig(String password) {
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this.targetPassword = password;
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checkAndConnect();
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}
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private void checkAndConnect() {
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if (targetSSID != null && targetPassword != null) {
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notifyState(2); // AT+STATE=2
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wifiConnector.connect(targetSSID, targetPassword, new WiFiConnectionCallback() {
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@Override
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public void onConnected(String ipAddress) {
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notifyState(3); // AT+STATE=3
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}
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@Override
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public void onPasswordError() {
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notifyState(6); // AT+STATE=6
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}
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@Override
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public void onNetworkNotFound() {
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notifyState(7); // AT+STATE=7
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}
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});
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}
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}
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private void notifyState(int state) {
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String stateMsg = "AT+STATE=" + state;
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gattServer.notifyCharacteristic(STATUS_CHAR_UUID, stateMsg.getBytes());
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}
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}
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```
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## 7. 安全性设计
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### 7.1 数据传输安全
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#### 蓝牙配网安全
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- **配对验证**: 使用PIN码配对验证
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- **数据加密**: AES-128加密WiFi凭证
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- **超时机制**: 配网会话5分钟超时
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- **设备认证**: 验证设备MAC地址白名单
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### 7.2 权限管理
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#### 必需权限清单
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``xml
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE" />
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
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```
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## 8. 测试策略
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### 8.1 功能测试
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#### 测试用例矩阵
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| 测试场景 | 蓝牙配网 | 预期结果 |
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|---------|---------|----------|
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| 正常配网流程 | ✓ | 配网成功 |
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| 错误WiFi凭证 | ✓ | 显示错误信息 |
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| 网络连接超时 | ✓ | 自动重试 |
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| 长按触发 | - | 正确进入配网 |
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||
| 小屏幕适配 | ✓ | 界面正常显示 |
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||
### 8.2 性能测试
|
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|
||
#### 关键指标
|
||
- **触发响应时间**: < 500ms
|
||
- **蓝牙广播启动**: < 2s
|
||
- **配网完成时间**: < 30s
|
||
- **内存占用**: < 50MB
|
||
- **CPU占用**: < 20%
|
||
|
||
### 8.3 兼容性测试
|
||
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||
#### 测试环境
|
||
- **Android版本**: API 26-34
|
||
- **蓝牙版本**: 4.0+
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||
- **WiFi标准**: 802.11 b/g/n
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||
- **屏幕分辨率**: 504×410dp
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||
- **设备类型**: 嵌入式Android设备
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